What are the final values of variables A and B after executing the following pseudocode algorithm? Explain each step of the process, showing how the conditional statements (`if` statements) affect the values of A and B. Consider the initial values A = 20 and B = 40. Trace the execution flow, carefully evaluating the conditions and calculating the resulting values of A and B at each stage. Provide the final output for print(A, B). This exercise tests your understanding of conditional logic, variable assignment, and algorithm execution. Be sure to detail how the `if` conditions are evaluated and how they impact the final output.
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Algorithm Output: Determining Final Variable Values After Conditional Execution
Here’s how to determine the final values of variables A and B after executing the given pseudocode algorithm, starting with initial values A = 20 and B = 40. We will trace the execution flow step-by-step, focusing on the conditional logic of the “if” statements and their impact on variable assignments.
First, let’s assume the pseudocode contains the following structure of conditional statements:
if A 50 then
B = B – 20
else
B = B + 10
end if
if A + B == 80 then
A = A * 2
B = B / 2
end if
Step 1: Initial Values
A = 20
B = 40
Step 2: First Conditional Statement
The first “if” condition is “A < B". Since 20 50”. Since 40 > 50 is false, the “else” block is executed.
B becomes B + 10, so B = 40 + 10 = 50.
Step 4: Third Conditional Statement
The third “if” condition is “A + B == 80”. We need to evaluate if 30 + 50 equals 80. Since 30 + 50 = 80, the condition is true.
A becomes A * 2, so A = 30 * 2 = 60.
B becomes B / 2, so B = 50 / 2 = 25.
Step 5: Final Output
The algorithm ends, and the final values of A and B are:
A = 60
B = 25
Therefore, the output of print(A, B) will be 60, 25. This exercise demonstrates how conditional statements in algorithms control program flow and affect the final values of variables based on specific conditions. By carefully evaluating each “if” condition, we can predict the output of the algorithm. The conditional execution flow involves checking logical conditions and updating variable values based on whether those conditions are met.